Friday, July 28, 2017

ထိုင္းႏိုင္ငံက ေရွးအက်ဆံုး ႏွစ္ (၃၀၀) ဗလီ ဝတ္ျပဳေက်ာင္းေတာ္

ထိုင္းႏုိင္ငံက ေရွးအက်ဆံုးဗလီဝတ္ေက်ာင္းေတာ္ (သို႔မဟုတ္) ႏွစ္ ၃၀၀ ဗလီႀကီး


(စတီဗင္)

ႏွစ္သံုးရာဗလီႀကီး (The 300 Years Mosque) ကို အလ္-ဟူစိန္ဗလီဝတ္ေက်ာင္းေတာ္လို႔လည္း ေခၚဆိုၾကပါတယ္။ ထိုင္းဘာသာစကားနဲ႔ဆိုရင္ မက္စယစ္ ဝဒီ အန္ဟူဆင္ပါတဲ့။ ဒါ့အျပင္ တာလိုမာႏိုဗလီ (Talo Mano Mosque) လို႔လည္းေခၚပါေသးတယ္။

ထုိင္းႏုိင္ငံေတာ္ပိုင္း နရာသီဝပ္မွာ တည္ရွိတဲ့ ဒီဗလီႀကီးဟာ ထုိင္းႏုိင္ငံက ေရွးအက်ဆံုး ဗလီဝတ္ေက်ာင္းေတာ္ေတြအနက္ တစ္ခုျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ထုိင္းေတာင္ပိုင္းဟာ မြတ္စလင္အမ်ားစု ေနထုိင္ရာဌာေနလည္းျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ၁၆၃၄ ခုႏွစ္မွာ ဗလီကို အုတ္ျမစ္ခ်ခဲ့ပါတယ္။ အဲဒီေဒသမွာ ပထမဆံုးအေျခခ်ခဲ့တဲ့ မြတ္စလင္အသိုင္းအဝိုင္းေတြက အုတ္ျမစ္ခ်ခဲ့တာပါ။ ဒါ့အျပင္ ဒီဗလီဟာ ထိုင္းတစ္ႏုိင္ငံလံုးမွာ သက္တမ္းအရင့္ဆံုး သစ္သားဗလီႀကီးလည္းျဖစ္ပါတယ္။


သမုိင္း

ႏွစ္၃၀၀ ဗလီႀကီးရဲ႕သမုိင္းကိုၾကည့္မယ္ဆိုရင္ ဆူလတန္အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္စဥ္ကာလ ပတၱာနီဘုရင့္ႏုိင္ငံကို ျပန္ေျပာင္းေအာက္ေမ့ရမွာပါ။ ဒီႏုိင္ငံကို ပတၱာနီ၊ ယာလာ၊ နရာသီဝပ္ဆိုတဲ့ျပည္နယ္သံုးျပည္နယ္နဲ႔ ဖြဲ႔စည္းထားတာပါ။ အဲဒီႏုိင္ငံထဲက ရြာေတြမွာ မြတ္စလင္ေရာ ဗုဒၶဘာသာဝင္ေတြပါေနထုိင္ၾကပါတယ္။ ၁၆၃၄ ခုႏွစ္မွာ ဒီဗလီေဆာက္လုပ္ေတာ့ မြတ္စလင္ေတြေရာ ဗုဒၶဘာသာေတြပါ ပူးေပါင္းပါဝင္ လုပ္အားေပးခဲ့ၾကပါတယ္။

ဒီဗလီနဲ႔ပတ္သက္ၿပီး ေရွးဒ႑ာရီႏွစ္ခုရွိပါတယ္။ တစ္ခုကေတာ့ ထုိင္းဘုရင့္ႏုိင္ငံနဲ႔ ပတၱာနီဘုရင့္ႏုိင္ငံတို႔ၾကား စစ္ျဖစ္တဲ့အခါ ပတၱာနီဘက္ ရြာတစ္ရြာက အမ်ိဳးသမီးတစ္ဦးဟာ စစ္ေရွာင္တဲ့အေနနဲ႔ အိုးအိမ္စြန္႔ခြာထြက္ေျပးခဲ့ပါတယ္။ သူမဟာ သူမေနထုိင္တဲ့ရြာရဲ႕ “ကုရ္အာန္က်မ္းထိန္းသိမ္းေစာင့္ေရွာက္သူ” ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ထြက္ေျပးတဲ့အခါမွာလည္း ကုရ္အာန္က်မ္းစာအုပ္ကို ရင္ဝယ္ပိုက္ၿပီးေျပးခဲ့တာပါ။ တစ္ေနရာေရာက္ေတာ့ ခ်ိဳင့္ဝွမ္းတစ္ခုထဲကို သူမျပဳတ္က်ခဲ့ပါတယ္။ အနားရွိရြာက ေဒသခံေတြလာေရာက္ကယ္ဆယ္ၿပီးခ်ိန္မွာ သူမကုိယ္သူမ သတိထားၾကည့္လိုက္ေတာ့ ကုရ္အာန္ဟာ ျပဳတ္မက်သြားဘဲ လက္ထဲမွာ က်စ္က်စ္ပါေအာင္ ဆုပ္ကိုင္မိလ်က္သားရွိေနပါတယ္။ ဒါနဲ႔ စစ္ႀကီးအၿပီးမွာ ရြာသားေတြဟာ ဗလီတစ္လံုးေဆာက္လုပ္ လွဴဒါန္းခဲ့ၾကပါတယ္။ အဲဒါဒီ ႏွစ္ ၃၀၀ ဗလီပါတဲ့။

ေနာက္ထပ္ ဒ႑ာရီတစ္ခုကေတာ့ ဗလီကို ဝန္ဟူစိန္ အဇ္-ဆာနဝီဆိုတဲ့ ပုဂၢိဳလ္က ေဆာက္လုပ္ခဲ့တယ္လို႔ဆိုပါတယ္။ ဒီပုဂၢိဳလ္ဟာ ၁၆၂၄ ခုႏွစ္မွာ ပတၱာနီဘုရင့္ႏုိင္ငံကို ေရႊ႕ေျပာင္းအေျခခ်ခဲ့တဲ့ ဆရာတစ္ပါးျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ဗလီထဲမွာ ကုရ္အာန္က်မ္းစာလက္ေရးမူနဲ႔ ဗလီေဆာက္လုပ္ေရးစီမံကိန္းစာရြက္တို႔ အခုထက္တိုင္ရွိေနေသးတယ္လို႔ သိရပါတယ္။


အေဆာက္အဦ

ဗလီေဆာက္လုပ္ရာမွာ သစ္သားေတြကိုသာ အသံုးခ်ထားၿပီး သံတစ္ေခ်ာင္းမွ မ႐ိုက္ခဲ့ပါဘူး။ အဲဒီအစား သပ္႐ိုက္ၿပီးေဆာက္လုပ္ခဲ့ပါတယ္။ ဗလီမွာအပိုင္းႏွစ္ပိုင္းပါဝင္ပါတယ္။ အပိုင္းငယ္ဘက္မွာ မဲဟ္ရာဗ္ (ေရွ႕ေဆာင္ဆရာ ဦးေဆာင္ဝတ္ျပဳရာေနရာ) ပါဝင္ပါတယ္။ မဲဟ္ရာဗ္ကို အမိုးဘံုသံုးဆင့္နဲ႔ ကြန္႔ထားပါတယ္။ ဒါ့အျပင္ တ႐ုတ္လက္ရာ မီနာရဟ္ ေမွ်ာ္စင္တစ္ခုလည္း ပါဝင္ပါတယ္။ အပိုင္းႀကီးကေတာ့ အမ်ားဝတ္ျပဳရာ ဝတ္ျပဳေဆာင္ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။

ေရွးေခတ္ ေလာ္စပီကာေတြ မေပၚခင္ကာလမွာ (အဇာန္) ဝတ္ျပဳဖို႔ ဝတ္တက္ႏိႈးေဆာ္တဲ့အခါ ဂီဒြတ္လို႔ေခၚတဲ့ ႀကီးမားတဲ့ ဗံုႀကီးေတြတီးခဲ့ၾကပါတယ္။ ဂီဒြတ္ဗံုေတြကို သစ္ေခါင္းေပါက္ႀကီးနဲ႔ လုပ္ထားတာျဖစ္ၿပီး တစ္ဖက္ကို ကြၽဲသားေရနဲ႔ အုပ္ထားကာ ေနာက္တစ္ဖက္ကိုေတာ့ အပြင့္ထားထားပါတယ္။ အခုထိ အဲဒီဗံုႀကီးရွိေနေသးေပမယ့္ သံုးမရေတာ့ပါဘူး။ အဲဒီေခတ္က မိုအက္ဇင္ (ဝတ္တက္ႏိႈးေဆာ္သူ) ဟာ အဇာန္မေပးခင္ ဗံုႀကီးကို တျဖည္းျဖည္းအသံျမႇင့္ၿပီး စည္းခ်က္က်ေအာင္ တီးပါတယ္။ မနက္ေစာေစာ လူေျခတိတ္ခ်ိန္ဆိုရင္ ဂီဒြတ္ဗံုႀကီးရဲ႕အသံဟာ မုိင္ဝက္ခန္႔ကထိ ၾကားရတယ္ဆိုပဲ။

ဗလီႀကီးရဲ႕မူလအမိုးဟာ ထန္းလက္နဲ႔ပါ။ ဒါေပမဲ့ေနာက္ပိုင္းမွာ အုတ္ၾကြပ္ေတြေျပာင္းမိုးခဲ့ပါတယ္။ ဗလီနံရံေတြေပၚက ပန္းပုလက္ရာေတြ၊ ကႏုတ္ေတြ၊ ေဖာင္းတန္းနဲ႔ ျမင္းမိုရ္ပိတ္က လက္ရာေတြမွာ အေရွ႕ေတာင္အာရွရဲ႕ ယဥ္ေက်းမႈလက္ရာသံုးမ်ိဳးျဖစ္တဲ့ ဂ်ာဗား၊ တ႐ုတ္နဲ႔ ထုိင္းယဥ္ေက်းမႈေတြ လႊမ္းမိုးေနတာေတြ႔ရပါတယ္။

ပြဲေတာ္မ်ား

ဗလီမွာ အစၥလာမ္နဲ႔ ပတ္သက္တဲ့ပြဲေတာ္ေတြကို အဓိကက်င္းပေလ့ရွိပါတယ္။ ဥပမာ အီးဒ္ေန႔၊ ဥပုသ္လ အစရွိသျဖင့္ေပါ့။ ဒါ့အျပင္ ဗလီဟာ မြတ္စလင္အသင္းတိုက္ အျဖစ္လည္း အသံုးေတာ္ခံပါေသးတယ္။ ဗလီအျဖစ္လည္း ဝတ္ျပဳဆုေတာင္းမႈေတြ ျပဳလုပ္ဆဲလို႔ သိရပါတယ္။


ျပင္ဆင္မြမ္းမံျခင္း

၂၀၁၄ ခုႏွစ္မွာ ထုိင္းအစိုးရက ဗလီျပင္ဆင္မြမ္းမံေရးအတြက္ရန္ပံုေငြအေနနဲ႔ ထုိင္းဘတ္ေငြ သန္း ၂၀၀ ကို လွဴဒါန္းခဲ့ပါတယ္။ မြမ္းမံေရးစီမံကိန္းကို ေတာင္ပိုင္းနယ္စပ္ျပည္နယ္အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ေရးဌာနကေန ဦးေဆာင္အေကာင္အထည္ေဖာ္ခဲ့ပါတယ္။ စီမံကိန္းထဲမွာ ဗလီျပင္ဆင္ေရး၊ ပတ္ဝန္းက်င္နယ္ေျမတိုးတက္ေရး၊ အသင္းတုိက္အျဖစ္အေကာင္အထည္ေဖာ္ေရးတို႔ပါဝင္ပါတယ္။ ျပင္ဆင္မြမ္းမံၿပီးခ်ိန္မွာ ကမာၻလွည့္ခရီးသြားေတြကို ပိုမိုစြဲေဆာင္ႏုိင္ဖို႔လည္း ေမွ်ာ္လင့္ခဲ့ၾကပါတယ္။

ဗလီသို႔သြားေရာက္လည္ပတ္ျခင္း

ႏွစ္ ၃၀၀ ဗလီႀကီးကို ဝင္ေရာက္ဖူးေမွ်ာ္ဖို႔အတြက္ ေဒသခံ အီမာမ္ ေရွ႕ေဆာင္ဆရာဆီကေန ခြင့္ျပဳခ်က္ေတာင္းခံဖို႔ လိုအပ္ပါတယ္။ ဒါ့အျပင္ ဝတ္စားဆင္ရင္ေရးမွာလည္း ဒူးဖံုးတဲ့ေဘာင္းဘီနဲ႔ ပုခံုးဖံုးၿပီးရင္မဟိုက္တဲ့ အက်ႌကိုဝတ္ဆင္ရမွာပါ။ အမ်ိဳးသမီးေတြကို ဦးေခါင္းထက္ပဝါေဆာင္းဖို႔ ၫႊန္ၾကားထားတာလည္းရွိပါတယ္။ ဗလီထဲမွာအစားအေသာက္ခြင့္မျပဳပါဘူး။ ဗလီထဲမဝင္ခင္ ဖိနပ္ခြၽတ္ဖို႔လိုသလို လူတကာနဲ႔ ေလးေလးစားစားဆက္ဆံဖို႔လည္း အေရးႀကီးပါတယ္။

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